Chapter 1:
A. Paul Bäumer is introduced as a boy who has been hardened by the war, as he tells about his friends and school mates that are also in combat with him. Paul also introduces the hardships of being in war as one of his schoolmates has died do to being shot in the eye, and latter shot in No Man’s Land, and another schoolmate who he realizes will soon die do to the amputation of his leg.
B. I have been on the front for about a month now. Things are far different on the front then they were at boot camp. I see people die so often that I am almost use to it. When I first got here though seeing people that were fighting with me die brought tears to my eyes. Right now I am witnessing one of my very own friends die from getting his leg amputated, and it makes me hurt to know I cant do anything to help him.
C. Queue- a waiting line especially of persons or vehicles
“Our gang formed the head of the queue before the cook-house” (Remarque 4)
Sheaf- a quantity of the stalks and ears of a cereal grass or sometimes other plant material bound together
“Often they rise in a sheaf as they follow after an airman” (Remarque 9)
D.
During war times foreign countries often do not communicate well enough to ensure they do not create disadvantages to other countries unintentionally. In this political cartoon England is holding a bat and pointing at Germany as it is trying to block shipping to Germany. This shows how England is not looking out for America because they ship to Germany. The cartoon also shows three babies’s crying that are American shipping, and Neutral commerce. This shows how England’s attempt to stop shipping to Germany has harmed America in more then one ways. During WWI England’s attempt to block shipping to Germany inevitably harmed America.
During World War new warfare is often created, allowing one region to overpower the other. This cartoon shows Germany as a hand that is reaching up from under the sea. This is showing that Germany had the war in their hands, with the creation of the submarine. This cartoon also shows Germany as a hand that is reaching out to attack something. In showing this the cartoon is emphasizing how Germany has some form of power over some other countries. With the creations of new warfare and weapons different countries were able to overpower others and manipulate them.
E. In this chapter I learned of the different weapons that were used during World War One, a few of hardships that soldiers face mentally, and the conditions of the medical facilities. I also learned the role of a friend in giving each other a more positive outlook on negative situations.
Chapter 2:
A. Paul examines the need in which soldiers have, for the simplest things such as boots, and food, as Muller continually request for his dying friend Kemmerich’s boots. Paul also looks back on his classmates plans for the future, and their experiences in boot camp. Paul later returns to Kemmerich trying to convince him to return home, and boost his morale. Paul later watches Kemmerich die.
B. Today brought a rough day for me and my school mates, Kemmerich passed on. We all knew this would happen soon enough but none of us were prepared. This has also made me think of the times before war. I have been thinking about the plans that many of us had for the future, what we experienced in boot camp, and also what many of us left at home.
C. Obliterate- to remove utterly from recognition or memory
“They have wives, children, occupations, and interests, they have a background which is so strong that the war cannot obliterate it” (Remarque 20)
Pettifogging- one given to quibbling over trifles
“With our young awakened eyes we saw that the classical conception of the Fatherland held by our teachers resolved itself here into a renunciation of personality such as one would not ask of the meanest servants- salutes, springing to attention, parade-marches, presenting arms, right wheel, clicking the heels, insults, and a thousand pettifogging details” (Remarque 22)
D. 
During war times foreign countries often do not communicate well enough to ensure they do not create disadvantages to other countries unintentionally. In this political cartoon England is holding a bat and pointing at Germany as it is trying to block shipping to Germany. This shows how England is not looking out for America because they ship to Germany. The cartoon also shows three babies’s crying that are American shipping, and Neutral commerce. This shows how England’s attempt to stop shipping to Germany has harmed America in more then one ways. During WWI England’s attempt to block shipping to Germany inevitably harmed America.
During war times foreign countries often do not communicate well enough to ensure they do not create disadvantages to other countries unintentionally. In this political cartoon England is holding a bat and pointing at Germany as it is trying to block shipping to Germany. This shows how England is not looking out for America because they ship to Germany. The cartoon also shows three babies’s crying that are American shipping, and Neutral commerce. This shows how England’s attempt to stop shipping to Germany has harmed America in more then one ways. During WWI England’s attempt to block shipping to Germany inevitably harmed America.
E. In this chapter I learned about the dreadful conditions of the hospitals during the war. I also learned that the patients in the hospitals were not treated with care. Likewise I learned the importance of a friend in always being there for each other.
Chapter 3:
A. Replacement troops arrive, but seem much younger then Paul and his friends. Paul and his friends take on the role of helping the new kids in various ways. Paul and his friends wonder how people such as Corporal Himmelstoss become bullies. Later the men remember a trick they played on Himmelstoss before they were released from boot camp.
B. Lately I have had time to wonder about a lot of different things. Me and my friends have been wondering how people such as our old boot camp instructor become bullies. We have also been remembering our times at boot camp, and how wrong we were treated. We remember how Himmelstoss treated us wrong with his games. But then we all remember how we played that wonderful trick on him before we left, where we beat him down a long dark ally.
C. Patronizingly- act of provide aid or support for
“Patronizingly he gives the youngster a portion” (Remarque 36)
Meditatively- the act of thinking about something carefully
“They say of course, there must be discipline ventures Kropp meditatively” (Remarque 45).
D. 
During WWI countries often used different symbols of other countries for protection. This cartoon shows the Lusitania with its American flag having a British man speaking to a German submarine. This shows how Britain took advantage of America and used there ship for their own needs. This cartoon also shows the British man saying “Cawnt you see I’m a blooming Yankee” using it as protection. This shows that the British man knows that the flag and the American ship gave him protection from the Germans. During WWI Britain took advantage of the Lusitania and the American flag and used them as protection from Germany.
E. In this chapter I learned that during war time people often find it helpful to occupy their minds with different things. I also learned that when people are far from home for long periods of time they often remember obstacles they overcame when they were home.
Chapter 4:
A. Paul and Kat teach the young recruits about different things which happen on the front, and also teach them to stay alert. While there are bombs and such going off a rookie starts to cry and shake and Paul tries to console him. Kat warns everyone that there is going to be an attack soon, surprisingly he is right. Paul gets a splinter in his arm during the attack. Kat, Kropp, a rookie and Paul all hind in a hole, and realize it is part of the cemetery. Kat realizes gas is being used and warns everyone to put on their gas masks. A coffin hits the rookie that Paul helped earlier and his arm is injured, and his hip is also hurt. Kat tells Paul the best thing to do is to kill him. Paul agrees after Kat tells him what the kid’s life will consist of after he leaves the war. But then more soldiers arrive and the must take the kid on a stretcher to the medic. During the battle, five are killed and eight are wounded.
B. The past day and a half has been very difficult for me. Just as Kat said there was an attack, during it five were killed and eight wounded. I got a splinter in my arm, and a young rookie I was helping hurt both his arm and his hip. This young kid was so scared, and I tried to help him, but I just couldn’t. I feel so bad. Me and Kat wanted to shoot him so he would not have to deal with the pain of never being able to walk again but some soldiers came and we had to send him to the medic. I really feel I have sent this kid on a road to no where.
C. Reverberation- an effect or impact that resembles an echo
“The roar of the guns makes our lorry stagger, the reverberation rolls raging away to he rear, everything quakes” (Remarque 53)
Aspirants- seeking or hoping to attain something
“Kat, I hear some aspirants for the frying-pan over there” (Remarque 51).
D. 
During WWI countries often used different symbols of other countries for protection. This cartoon shows the Lusitania with its American flag having a British man speaking to a German submarine. This shows how Britain took advantage of America and used there ship for their own needs. This cartoon also shows the British man saying “Cawnt you see I’m a blooming Yankee” using it as protection. This shows that the British man knows that the flag and the American ship gave him protection from the Germans. During WWI Britain took advantage of the Lusitania and the American flag and used them as protection from Germany.
E. In this chapter I learned the importance of friends in doing what is right for the other. I also learned how horrible one battle can be for someone both mentally, and physically.
Chapter 5:
A. The friends discuss a rumor about Himmelstoss arriving at the front, do to him being too hrard on recruits. They also discuss what they will do when peace occurs. Kropp wants to get drunk, Detering worries about his harvest, Kat would go home to his wife and children, and Westhus would find a woman and a bed and then become a soldier with the Prussians. Himmelstoss arrives and he and Tjaden have an insult contest. Tjaden gets three days open arrest behind a barbed wire fence, and Kropp gets one day. Paul and Kat go after a goose and end up killing, roasting, and eating it in a shed away from the others. Paul later tells Kat he is his “brother”.
B. During the last day or so I have come to appreciate Kat as my brother. Lately during our free time we have been discussing what we would do if peace were to come. I have also been feeling a closer connection with some of the men that are over here with me.
C. louse- a small wingless insect that lives as a parasite on humans and other animals
“Killing each separate louse is a tedious business when a man has hundreds” (Remarque 75)
Pince-nez - a pair of glasses without sidepieces, held in place by a clip that fits over the nose
“Asks Muller, pretending to take off his pince-nez” (Remarque 85)
D. 
It is often after a tragedy happens that people decide to take action about situations. In this political cartoon ship is being sunk with a submarine look out of the water. This shows that a tragedy has happened but no one has taken action. This cartoon also has a caption that says this latest submarine victim may be the last. This shows that now a tragedy has happened but people now plan to take action. It is often to late when people react to situation, usually after tragedies.
E. In this chapter I learned that during war soldiers often need a companion to help guide them through there hard times. I also learned that your closest friends can very easily become more then that when you are in need of them.
Chapter 6:
A. Paul starts to wonder about his fate, because he has almost been killed twice. The men are also being attacked constantly for there food and other things by rats that they call “corpse-rats”. The men start to become sick form wondering when the next attack will occur. The trench Paul is in is almost ruined by and exploding shell, which also hinders the cook from providing accurate amounts of food to the men. The French later launch and attack and blow apart the trenches. As the war drags on, Paul loses his sense of time. Paul and his friends attempt to retrieve the wounded. In searching for a wounded soldier, Albert is wounded. The dying man calls faintly for a woman named Elise, then lapses into weeping. The cannons have stopped firing and now plans are shooting gunfire at the men. Haie is severely wounded in the back and acknowledging to Paul that death is near. Roll call reveals that only thirty-two out of a hundred and fifty men of Second Company survive.
B. Recently I have been wondering what my fate holds in store for me. I have seen more and more of the 150 men of the Second Company killed. I have also seen so many of my friends wounded. But I have also been lucky enough to help train the new recruits on how to pay attention when out on the front.
C. Ceaselessly - without pause or end
“When it is fairly quiet we can hear the transports behind enemy lines rolling ceaselessly until dawn” (Remarque 100).
Barrage – a rapid attacking outpouring of something
“This bombardment is too much for the poor devils, they have been sent straight from the recruiting depot into a barrage that is enough to turn an old soldier’s hair grey” (Remarque 110).
D. 
In America Presidents often use the worse situations possible in order to declare war with congress because they do not have the power over the country. In this cartoon President Woodrow Wilson is writing a letter to congress asking for them to declare war. This shows that the president does not have the power over the country, but the people do. This cartoon also shows a newspaper showing American ships sunk. This shows that the president is using the worse possible situation trying to declare war. President Woodrow Wilson used the lose of American ships to try and convince congress to declare war.
E. In this chapter I learned how soldier think during war, such as when it will be there time to go and such. I also learned the importance to help others in the pursuit of sanity. I also learned about some of the action that takes place during the war.
Chapter 7:
A. Paul and his friends take a brief, well deserved rest. Himmelstoss has become friendly, and Paul is kinder to him. Himmelstoss is now the cook and brings Paul and his friends food when ever then would like. Paul starts to think of the dead and wounded and tries to use humor to keep his thoughts straight. Paul and two friends swim naked to flirt with three French girls. Paul tries to forget about the war while he is visiting the French girl that night. Paul gets a seventeen-day pass, and training allowing him to be away from the front for a total of six weeks. Paul finds his mother ill when he gets home and gives her the rations of food he has collected that are in small rations among civilians. His sister later informs him that their mother is suffering from a recurrence of cancer, and has been for several months. Paul later realizes thing have changed greatly at home, while he was away. Paul watches as his mother dies, and he knows he will he tells never be able to see her again. Paul also feels the need to see Franz mother Mrs. Kemmerich. He tells her that Franz dies instantly even though he knows it is not true.
B. I honestly feel bad about coming home because now I feel like I have lied to more then one person. I lied to my mother who I will probably never see again, and I also lied to Franz’s mom about how he died. I did not realize that coming home would bring so much sorrow to me.
C. Grievous- causing grief
“But so long as we have to stay here in the field, the front-line days, when they are past, sink down in us like a stone; they are too grievous for us to be able to reflect on them at once” (Remarque 138)
Jovial- full of playful good
“Although the water is cold we are very jovial and do our best to interest them so that they will stay” (Remarque 144)
D. 
During war people will often say and promise anything to get what they want. In this cartoon a German is talking to a Mexican and telling him join with Germany and you get a bit of United States. This shows that the German’s will tell anyone anything in order to get people on their side. This cartoon also say in big letters “some promise!”, empathizing it was not true. This shows that what the German was telling the Mexican was not true and also could not be true. People often tell lies in order to get the things they want, even though it is not the right way to go about things.
E. In this chapter I learned how it is often better for people to be friends then enemies when working on the same team. I also learned how hard it is for a soldier to go home in the middle of the war, knowing they will have to go back.
Chapter 8:
A. Paul spends a month in retraining where he dreads the thought of ever returning to the front. Paul’s father and sister come to visit him before it is time for him to return to the front. They only talk about his mother’s illness which is like torture to Paul. His father also tells him about the struggles he must face, to make ends meet at home.
B. Recently I have been dealing with numerous amounts of difficult things. I am dreading the thought of ever returning to the Front. I have also been dealing with my mother illness a lot, which is like torture to me. I am also dealing with the fact of my father having trouble making ends meet.
C. Moors- open wasteland covered with heather and often marshy
“Often many stand side by side, and breathe the wind that comes down from the moors and the forest” (Remarque 192)
Amiss- in a wrong way
“I cannot do that- the surgeon might take it amiss and that would not do; he must operate on Mother” (Remarque 197)
D. 
People that believe in the same cause often try to over power there community force them to have the same beliefs. In this political cartoon the public sentiment, which is the peace treaty is running over everyone in the street. This shows that the idea of the peace treaty is trying to be forced upon everyone. This cartoon also shows people in the back with an arrow pointing to them saying “Those 36 FALL Amendments”. This shows that all other amendments other then the peace treaty were not approved because people did not approve in them strong enough to force others too. People often force there opinions on other and do not allow anything to get in their way.
E. In this chapter I learned about the hardships war can place on a family. I also learned about the hardship a family can place on a member mentally. The war has made it difficult for Paul’s father to make ends meet. Likewise Paul cannot concentrate like he should because he is worried about his family.
Chapter 9:
A. Paul returns to the Front where he finds his company gloomy. Paul returns to the Front to check the strength of the enemy. Do to it being Paul’s first time back on the Front he starts to go crazy and hears Kat tell him it is going to be ok. While hiding a body is flung into the hole Paul is in and he must watch the man die because there is nothing he can do to help him. After experiencing this Paul wants to make sure war never happens again. He tells Kat what happened, and Kat comforts him.
B. I have now returned to the front only to find everyone so gloomy. I am not sure why but being on the front has made go crazy, I am not able to deal with things the way I could before I left on leave. Luckily I am fortunate to have my friend Kat with me, who is here to push me along the way. This experience has made me certain I want to make sue war never happens again.
C. Exalted - high in rank, position, or esteem
“They are both so exalted that standing strictly to attention is probably not insisted on” (Remarque 202).
Valenciennes - a fine cotton lace made with bobbins in a floral design
“I have a bright picture of a canteen with stools, of a cinema in Valenciennes” (Remarque 210).
D. 
During war countries often manipulate one another through various techniques. In this cartoon America is tied up by four different nations. This shows that these four nations have the power to manipulate America. In this cartoon the ropes that are tying up America say The League of Nations. This shows that The League of Nations has the power to manipulate the different countries involved in it. Countries often take advantage and manipulate each other during war times.
E. In this chapter I learned about what war can do to you physically. I also learned what a friend can do when a person is not mentally prepared, in the aspect of reassuring them. I also learned that a friend can be the most comforting thing during a mental block, or a tragedy.
Chapter 10:
A. Paul gets assigned guarding a deserted village and supply dump. Him, Kat, Albert, Müller, Tjaden, and Detering, indulge themselves in food they have made, only to find themselves getting sick. Kropp gets shot in the knee, and Paul is wounded in the leg and arm. The doctor tells Paul he will be going home. Albert and Paul are sent to a Catholic hospital. Franz is taken to a room known as the dying room where people are sent that have no hope of getting better. Paul is operated on because his bones are not growing together. Albert’s leg is amputated and he suffers from depression. Paul goes back home on leave but soon returns, but finds it less comforting without Albert.
B. Things have gotten worse, even though I didn’t think it was possible. I have been wounded in the arm and leg. Franz has been taken to the dying room, and Albert’s leg has been amputated. I really feel that things are taking turn, but not for the good.
C. Eiderdowns- a warm bed covering in the form of a quilt or duvet stuffed with feathers
Then we furnish ourselves with blankets, and eiderdowns, luxurious soft affairs” (Remarque 232).
Anti-tetanus- An acute infectious disease shot
“There is an army medical lance corporal with it who sticks an anti-tetanus needle into our chests” (Remarque 241).
D. 
During war Americans only had two options of the type of labor they could choose to base there income on. In this cartoon Uncle Sam is holding up farm equipment, saying work. This shows that Americans have the option to work for an income. Uncle Sam is also holding up a gun, saying or fight. This shows that Americans also had the option to fight for there country during war. The choices for income in America are often very limited during war time.
E. In this chapter I learned the importance of friends in helping people get through illnesses.
Chapter 11:
A. Paul returns to the front in the Spring time. Berger starts to go mad, and is shot in the pelvis. Muller is also dead; he was shot at point-blank range in the stomach and lived half an hour in terrible pain. Muller gives Paul the boots that use to be Kemmerich. Germany is in such bad need of soldiers that they draft any young man. Lt. Bertinck, who has served as a worthy example for two years, dies while combating a flamethrower. The shot that hits his chin veers into Leer’s hip and he bleeds to death. America and England are becoming more and more involved in the war. Kat gets wounded in the shin, and Paul tries to rush him to medical help. While on there way to medical help Paul and Kat talk about there experiences during the last three years. Paul request Kats address so he can stay in touch with him when they return to civilian life. Upon arriving to the medical station the doctor pronounces Kat “stone dead”, do to a wound to the skull. Paul is not able to deal with the loss of his best friend and goes blank.
B. Things are not turning out very well. Though I have returned to the front things are not the way that they use to be. Germany is in such bad need of soldiers that they are accepting any kid. So many of the men that I entered with are dead and I can’t help but wonder when my time will come. But among all of this I have suffered by far the greatest tragedy recently, the loss of me best friend Kat. I was trying to rush him to the medical station after he was hit in the shin with a bullet when he was hit in the head and died before I was able to get him there. This was by far the hardest thing for me to bear.
C. Billets- an official order to a householder to provide temporary accommodations for a member of the armed forces
“Our life alternates between billets and the front” (Remarque 271).
Bequeathed- to leave personal or other property to somebody after death by means of a will
“Before he died he handed over his pocket book to me, and bequeathed me his boots- the same that he once inherited from Kemmerich” (Remarque 279).
D. 
During war people are often forced to do things they do not wish to do. This cartoon shows a German being forced to put German money into the “Liberty Day”. This shows that the Germans forced there people to pay Americans money. At the top of the cartoon it says “forced to buy bonds”. This shows that the Germans were forced to pay for the war, because that is what war bonds did. People are often forced to do things they do not approve of during war times.
E. In this chapter I learned about how difficult it is for a soldier to over come the loss of his best friend. In this chapter I also learned some of the things that happened in WWI on the Germany side.
Chapter 12:
A. In Autumn of 1918 the talk among everyone is mainly about creating peace. Paul starts to wonder what his future holds for him, and what he will consider home when he is released. Paul returns to the front yet again. On October 1918, Paul dies in peace; a month before the armistice.
B. The war is finally over. I died when there was only a month left before the armistice. But for me there will never be any more wars, and things are peaceful.
C. Armistice-a truce in a war to discuss terms for peace
“Everyone talks of peace and armistice” (Remarque 293).
Brothels-a place where people pay to have sexual intercourse with prostitutes
“It cannot be that it is gone, the yearning that made our blood unquiet, the unknown, the perplexing, the oncoming things, the thousand faces of the future, the melodies from dreams and from books, the whispers and divinations of women; it cannot be that this has vanished in bombardment, in despair, in brothels” (Remarque 295).
D. 
During war people must abide by rules even if they do not benefit them. This cartoon shows different goods looking upset as they reporting to Hoover. This shows that Hoover is creating a law or rule that the producers do no like. This cartoon also shows various people reporting to one person. This shows that people do not like the idea of one person being in charge. People do not like the idea of reporting to one person for rules and laws they will not like.
E. In this chapter I learned that the only way to escape from a difficult situation, mentally or physically, is to die; weather it being on purpose or not.
